Thai O-NET Tests - วิทยาศาสตร์ - 2021 ข้อ 11

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Question

ภาชนะ 4 ใบ บรรจุแก๊ส N2 , O2 , F2 , CI2 ใบละชนิด หากนำแก๊ส H2 มาทำปฏิกิริยา กับแก๊สในภาชนะแต่ละใบ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จนเกิดผลิตภัณฑ์ ข้อใดเป็นจริง สําหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ในภาชนะทั้ง 4ใบ

  1. ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  2. ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้
  3. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น
  4. พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว
  5. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด

Using dataset from OpenThaiGPT Evaluation Dataset.

Answers by AI

Let's analyze this step by step:

When H2 reacts with each gas:

  • H2 + N2 → NH3 (ammonia)
  • H2 + O2 → H2O (water)
  • H2 + F2 → HF (hydrogen fluoride)
  • H2 + Cl2 → HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Looking at the properties of all products:

  • NH3: gas at room temp, can form hydrogen bonds, water-soluble, polar
  • H2O: liquid at room temp, forms hydrogen bonds, polar
  • HF: gas at room temp, forms hydrogen bonds, water-soluble, acidic
  • HCl: gas at room temp, water-soluble, acidic

The only property that applies to ALL products is that they are all more water-soluble than their reactants due to their polar nature.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

This question is about the properties of products formed when H2 gas reacts with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 gases under appropriate conditions.

When H2 reacts with:

  • N2: Forms NH3 (ammonia)
  • O2: Forms H2O (water)
  • F2: Forms HF (hydrogen fluoride)
  • Cl2: Forms HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Looking at these products:

  • NH3 and HF can form hydrogen bonds
  • H2O and NH3 are polar molecules that can form hydrogen bonds
  • HF and HCl dissolve in water to form acidic solutions
  • All these products have higher water solubility than their non-polar reactant gases

The correct answer is option B, as both NH3 and HF (two of the four products) can form hydrogen bonds.

{"correct_answer_key":"b"}

The question is in Thai. Let me translate it to English:

"Four containers contain gases N2, O2, F2, and Cl2, one type in each container. If H2 gas is allowed to react with the gas in each container under appropriate conditions until products are formed, which of the following is true for the products in all 4 containers?"

Options: a) "The products are gases at room temperature." b) "The products can form hydrogen bonds." c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants." d) "The bonds in the products are polar, but the products are non-polar." e) "The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions."

Now, let's analyze the reactions of H2 with each gas and their products:

  1. H2 + N2 → NH3 (ammonia)
  2. H2 + O2 → H2O (water)
  3. H2 + F2 → HF (hydrogen fluoride)
  4. H2 + Cl2 → HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Let's check each option:

a) "The products are gases at room temperature."

  • NH3: Gas at room temperature
  • H2O: Liquid at room temperature
  • HF: Gas at room temperature (but can form hydrogen bonds and easily condenses to liquid)
  • HCl: Gas at room temperature Since H2O is a liquid at room temperature, this option is false.

b) "The products can form hydrogen bonds."

  • NH3: Can form hydrogen bonds (N-H...N)
  • H2O: Can form hydrogen bonds (O-H...O)
  • HF: Can form hydrogen bonds (F-H...F)
  • HCl: Cannot form hydrogen bonds (the electronegativity difference between H and Cl is not enough) Since HCl cannot form hydrogen bonds, this option is false.

Wait, let me revisit this. Hydrogen bonds form between H and highly electronegative elements (F, O, N). In HCl, Cl is electronegative, but not as much as F, O, or N. Some sources might consider it capable of weak hydrogen bonding, but it's generally not classified as a hydrogen bond former. Let me reconsider this.

c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

  • N2: Insoluble in water; NH3: Highly soluble in water
  • O2: Slightly soluble in water; H2O: Infinite solubility (it is water)
  • F2: Slightly soluble in water; HF: Highly soluble in water
  • Cl2: Slightly soluble in water; HCl: Highly soluble in water This option seems true for all products.

d) "The bonds in the products are polar, but the products are non-polar."

  • NH3: Polar molecule
  • H2O: Polar molecule
  • HF: Polar molecule
  • HCl: Polar molecule This option is false since all products are polar.

e) "The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions."

  • NH3: Dissolves in water to give a basic solution (NH4OH)
  • H2O: Neutral in water
  • HF: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution
  • HCl: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution Since NH3 gives a basic solution and H2O is neutral, this option is false.

Based on this analysis, option c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants" seems to be the correct answer. However, let me double-check my work.

Actually, let's re-evaluate the reactions:

  1. H2 + N2 → 2NH3 (not a direct reaction, requires catalysts and high temperatures and pressures)
  2. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
  3. H2 + F2 → 2HF
  4. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

I need to ensure that these reactions can actually occur under reasonable conditions, and that I'm considering the correct products.

For the first reaction, H2 + N2 → 2NH3, this is the Haber process, which requires high temperatures, high pressures, and a catalyst. It's not a direct reaction that would occur spontaneously when mixing H2 and N2.

The second reaction, 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, is the combustion of hydrogen, which will occur (potentially explosively) if there's an ignition source.

The third and fourth reactions, H2 + F2 → 2HF and H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl, are direct reactions that can occur.

Given that the question specifies "under appropriate conditions," I'll assume that all these reactions can occur as written.

Now, let's reevaluate option c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

  • N2: Insoluble in water (0.02 g/L); NH3: Highly soluble in water (540 g/L)
  • O2: Slightly soluble in water (0.04 g/L); H2O: Completely miscible with water
  • F2: Reacts with water to form HF and O2; HF: Completely miscible with water
  • Cl2: Slightly soluble in water (7.1 g/L); HCl: Completely miscible with water

Indeed, for all reactions, the products are more soluble in water than the reactants. So, option c) seems to be the correct answer.

But let me double-check the other options again:

a) "The products are gases at room temperature."

  • NH3: Gas at room temperature
  • H2O: Liquid at room temperature
  • HF: Gas at room temperature (boiling point: 19.5°C, so it can be a liquid at higher room temperatures)
  • HCl: Gas at room temperature Since H2O is a liquid at room temperature, and HF can be a liquid at higher room temperatures, this option is false.

b) "The products can form hydrogen bonds."

  • NH3: Can form hydrogen bonds (N-H...N)
  • H2O: Can form hydrogen bonds (O-H...O)
  • HF: Can form hydrogen bonds (F-H...F)
  • HCl: Generally not considered to form significant hydrogen bonds, though it has polar H-Cl bonds This option is false because HCl doesn't form significant hydrogen bonds.

d) "The bonds in the products are polar, but the products are non-polar."

  • NH3: Polar bonds, polar molecule (pyramidal shape)
  • H2O: Polar bonds, polar molecule (bent shape)
  • HF: Polar bond, polar molecule (linear)
  • HCl: Polar bond, polar molecule (linear) This option is false because all products are polar molecules.

e) "The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions."

  • NH3: Dissolves in water to give a basic solution
  • H2O: Neutral in water
  • HF: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution
  • HCl: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution This option is false because NH3 gives a basic solution and H2O is neutral.

After rechecking all options, option c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants" is the correct answer.

Actually, let's think about this more carefully.

Option (c) is "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

Let's evaluate again:

  1. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

    • N2: Insoluble in water.
    • H2: Very slightly soluble in water.
    • NH3: Highly soluble in water. Conclusion: The product (NH3) is more soluble in water than the reactants (N2 and H2).
  2. O2 + 2H2 → 2H2O

    • O2: Slightly soluble in water.
    • H2: Very slightly soluble in water.
    • H2O: This is water itself, not "soluble in water." It's not meaningful to say water is soluble in itself. Conclusion: This comparison doesn't make sense for water, so the option might not hold for this reaction.
  3. F2 + H2 → 2HF

    • F2: Reacts with water, not simply dissolving.
    • H2: Very slightly soluble in water.
    • HF: Highly soluble in water. Conclusion: The product (HF) is more soluble in water than the reactants (F2 and H2).
  4. Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl

    • Cl2: Slightly soluble in water.
    • H2: Very slightly soluble in water.
    • HCl: Highly soluble in water. Conclusion: The product (HCl) is more soluble in water than the reactants (Cl2 and H2).

Given that the option doesn't apply meaningfully to the O2 + H2 → 2H2O reaction, option (c) might not be the correct answer.

Let's reconsider option (a): "The products are gases at room temperature."

  1. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3: NH3 is a gas at room temperature.
  2. O2 + 2H2 → 2H2O: H2O is a liquid at room temperature.
  3. F2 + H2 → 2HF: HF has a boiling point of 19.5°C. This is close to room temperature (typically considered around 20-25°C), so HF can be a gas or a liquid at room temperature depending on the exact temperature.
  4. Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl: HCl is a gas at room temperature.

Since H2O is definitely a liquid at room temperature, and HF might be a liquid at the higher end of room temperature, option (a) is not true for all products.

Let me check again all the options for each answer.

(b) "The products can form hydrogen bonds."

  • NH3: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • H2O: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • HF: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • HCl: Typically not considered to form hydrogen bonds due to the lower electronegativity of Cl compared to F, O, and N. This option is false because not all products can form hydrogen bonds.

(d) "The bonds in the products are polar, but the products are non-polar."

  • NH3: Polar bonds, polar molecule.
  • H2O: Polar bonds, polar molecule.
  • HF: Polar bond, polar molecule.
  • HCl: Polar bond, polar molecule. This option is false because all products are polar.

(e) "The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions."

  • NH3: Dissolves in water to give a basic solution.
  • H2O: Neutral.
  • HF: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution.
  • HCl: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution. This option is false because not all products give acidic solutions.

So options (a), (b), (d), and (e) are all false. Let me reconsider option (c) again.

(c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

  • For the N2 + H2 → NH3 reaction: True, NH3 is more soluble than either N2 or H2.
  • For the O2 + H2 → H2O reaction: The product is water itself, so it's not a matter of solubility.
  • For the F2 + H2 → HF reaction: True, HF is more soluble than either F2 or H2.
  • For the Cl2 + H2 → HCl reaction: True, HCl is more soluble than either Cl2 or H2.

The issue is with the O2 + H2 → H2O reaction, where the product is water itself. It's not meaningful to say water is "soluble" in water. It's misleading to say the product (H2O) is "more soluble in water" than the reactants (O2 and H2) because the product is water itself.

So, option (c) doesn't accurately describe the situation for all four reactions. Hence, it seems like all the options (a) through (e) have issues.

Let's take another approach. The question asks which is TRUE for the products in all four containers. Let's re-evaluate each option with the correct products.

Actually, I'm forgetting that the original reactions (if the starting material in each container is N2, O2, F2, or Cl2, and if we add H2 to each) would be:

  1. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 (requires high pressure and temperatures, and a catalyst)
  2. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
  3. H2 + F2 → 2HF
  4. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

Let's reconsider option (c) "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

  1. N2 vs NH3: N2 is very insoluble in water. NH3 is highly soluble (actually, reacts to form NH4OH). So, NH3 is more soluble than N2.
  2. O2 vs H2O: O2 is slightly soluble in water. H2O is water itself. This comparison is problematic. But if we're strictly talking about solubility in water, then H2O is infinitely soluble compared to O2's limited solubility.
  3. F2 vs HF: F2 reacts with water rather than dissolving. HF is highly soluble. So, HF is more soluble than F2.
  4. Cl2 vs HCl: Cl2 is slightly soluble in water. HCl is highly soluble (forms hydrochloric acid). So, HCl is more soluble than Cl2.

For all four reactions, it appears that the products are indeed more soluble in water than the reactants, even though the comparison for H2O vs O2 is a bit unusual.

Actually, for reaction 2, both the reactants (H2 and O2) are gases with low solubility in water. The product (H2O) is water itself. So it's not appropriate to compare the solubility of "H2O in water" with the solubility of "H2 in water" and "O2 in water" because H2O is water.

Re-considering the question and the wording of option (c), it specifically asks for a comparison between the products and reactants in terms of solubility. While it's true that H2O "dissolves" in water better than O2 (since it's already water), the phrasing is awkward and might not be the intended interpretation.

Let me revisit the other options to see if there's a better fit.

Actually, I think there's a serious translation issue here. Let me re-examine option (c) in the context of the problem.

The question states that there are 4 containers, each with a different gas: N2, O2, F2, and Cl2. When H2 is added to each container and allowed to react, we get the following products:

  1. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3
  2. 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O
  3. H2 + F2 → 2HF
  4. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

Option (c) states "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

For reaction 2, the reactants are H2 and O2, while the product is H2O. If we try to dissolve each in water, H2 and O2 have low solubility, while H2O is already water. So, it doesn't make sense to say "H2O is more soluble in water than H2 and O2" because water doesn't dissolve in water; it is water.

Given this issue with reaction 2, option (c) doesn't seem to be the correct answer because it doesn't hold for all four reactions.

Let me re-examine options (a), (b), (d), and (e):

(a) "The products are gases at room temperature."

  • NH3: Gas at room temperature (boiling point: -33.3°C)
  • H2O: Liquid at room temperature (boiling point: 100°C)
  • HF: Gas/Liquid at room temperature (boiling point: 19.5°C). It depends on the exact room temperature.
  • HCl: Gas at room temperature (boiling point: -85.1°C) Since H2O is a liquid at room temperature, option (a) is false.

(b) "The products can form hydrogen bonds."

  • NH3: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • H2O: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • HF: Can form hydrogen bonds.
  • HCl: Typically not considered to form hydrogen bonds due to the lower electronegativity of Cl. Hmm, I may need to revisit this. Let's check the electronegativity values:
  • F: 4.0
  • O: 3.5
  • N: 3.0
  • Cl: 3.0

Given that Cl has the same electronegativity as N, and N can participate in hydrogen bonding, it's possible that Cl can also participate in hydrogen bonding to some extent, especially in HCl. However, the question is whether HCl can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules. In solution, HCl typically dissociates to form H+ and Cl-, and the H+ ion can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. But the question asks about the properties of the product itself, not its behavior in solution. Pure HCl doesn't form hydrogen bonds with itself in the way that NH3, H2O, and HF do. So, option (b) is still false.

I've been thinking more about this. The ability to form hydrogen bonds is primarily determined by having a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like F, O, or N). HCl has a hydrogen atom bonded to Cl, which is electronegative, but not as electronegative as F, O, or N. However, the difference in electronegativity between H and Cl is substantial, leading to a polar bond where the hydrogen has a partial positive charge. This can potentially allow HCl to form weak hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules.

However, the generally accepted definition of hydrogen bonding restricts it to the interaction between a hydrogen atom bonded to F, O, or N (the donor) and an electronegative atom (the acceptor). Given this definition, HCl is typically not considered to form hydrogen bonds.

So, since HCl doesn't form hydrogen bonds, option (b) is still false.

(d) "The bonds in the products are polar, but the products are non-polar."

  • NH3: Polar bonds, polar molecule.
  • H2O: Polar bonds, polar molecule.
  • HF: Polar bond, polar molecule.
  • HCl: Polar bond, polar molecule. None of the products has polar bonds but is overall non-polar. So, option (d) is false.

(e) "The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions."

  • NH3: Dissolves in water to give a basic solution.
  • H2O: Already water, neutral.
  • HF: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution.
  • HCl: Dissolves in water to give an acidic solution. Since NH3 gives a basic solution and H2O is neutral, option (e) is false.

It seems like all five options have issues. However, if I were to choose the most accurate among them, and considering that the question might have translation issues, my best guess would be option (c). While the comparison for H2O vs. O2 is unconventional, H2O is infinitely "soluble" in water compared to O2's limited solubility. For the other three reactions, the products are indeed more soluble in water than the reactants, making option (c) the most accurate.

Actually, let's try to imagine what the question is asking a bit differently. Maybe it's asking about the relative water solubilities of the reactants vs the products:

N2 has very low solubility in water. NH3 is highly soluble in water.

H2 and O2 have very low solubility in water. H2O is fully miscible with water (it is water).

F2 reacts with water rather than dissolving, but if we were to measure equilibrium solubility before reaction, it would be low. HF is fully miscible with water.

Cl2 has limited solubility in water. HCl is fully miscible with water.

So in all cases, the products are more "water-compatible" than the reactants. This might be what option (c) is trying to convey.

Overall, among the given options, (c) seems to be the best fit, despite the awkward phrasing for the comparison of H2O and O2 in terms of water solubility.

Let me double-check the others one more time: (a) False because H2O is a liquid at room temperature. (b) False because HCl doesn't form hydrogen bonds. (c) True if we interpret it as the products having greater water compatibility than the reactants. (d) False because all products are polar. (e) False because NH3 gives a basic solution and H2O is neutral.

Given the analysis, I believe the correct answer is (c): "The products are more soluble in water than the reactants."

Looking at the question, I need to identify what happens when H2 reacts with each of the 4 gases (N2, O2, F2, Cl2) under appropriate conditions.

The reactions produce:

  • H2 + N2 → NH3 (ammonia)
  • H2 + O2 → H2O (water)
  • H2 + F2 → HF (hydrogen fluoride)
  • H2 + Cl2 → HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Analyzing each option:

  • Option A is false because H2O is a liquid at room temperature
  • Option B is false because HCl doesn't form hydrogen bonds
  • Option C is true because all products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) have significantly higher water solubility than their respective reactant gases
  • Option D is false because while the products have polar bonds, they are all polar molecules
  • Option E is false because NH3 produces a basic solution, not acidic
{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

To determine the correct answer, let's analyze the reactions of hydrogen gas (H₂) with each of the gases in the containers (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂) under suitable conditions:

  1. H₂ + N₂: Under normal conditions, nitrogen and hydrogen do not react significantly without a catalyst and high pressure (Haber process). However, if they do react, they form ammonia (NH₃), which is a gas at room temperature but can dissolve in water to form a basic solution (not acidic).

  2. H₂ + O₂: Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water (H₂O), which is a liquid at room temperature and dissolves in water trivially. Water is neutral, not acidic.

  3. H₂ + F₂: Hydrogen reacts vigorously with fluorine to form hydrogen fluoride (HF), which is a gas at room temperature. HF dissolves in water to form hydrofluoric acid, a weak acid.

  4. H₂ + Cl₂: Hydrogen reacts with chlorine to form hydrogen chloride (HCl), which is a gas at room temperature. HCl dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid, a strong acid.

Now, let's evaluate the options:

  • a. ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง:

    • NH₃, HF, and HCl are gases at room temperature, but H₂O is a liquid. This statement is not true for all products.
  • b. ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้:

    • All products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) contain hydrogen, so this statement is true.
  • c. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น:

    • NH₃, HF, and HCl dissolve in water better than their reactants (N₂, F₂, Cl₂), but H₂O is already in a form that doesn't apply. This statement is not true for all products.
  • d. พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว:

    • This statement is ambiguous and not directly applicable to the products formed.
  • e. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด:

    • Only HF and HCl form acidic solutions when dissolved in water. NH₃ forms a basic solution, and H₂O is neutral. This statement is not true for all products.

The most accurate and universally true statement among the options is:

{"correct_answer_key":"b"}

Explanation:

The question describes four containers, each containing one of the gases: N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂. When H₂ reacts with each of these gases under appropriate conditions, the following products are formed:

  1. N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ (Ammonia)
  2. O₂ + H₂ → H₂O (Water)
  3. F₂ + H₂ → HF (Hydrogen Fluoride)
  4. Cl₂ + H₂ → HCl (Hydrogen Chloride)

Now, let's analyze the options:

  • (a) "Products are gases at room temperature"False

    • H₂O (water) is a liquid at room temperature, not a gas.
  • (b) "Products can form hydrogen bonds"True

    • NH₃, H₂O, and HF can form hydrogen bonds (HCl forms weak hydrogen bonds, but much weaker than the others).
  • (c) "Products dissolve in water better than the reactants"True

    • NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl are all highly soluble in water, unlike N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂, which are much less soluble.
  • (d) "Bonds in the products are polar, but the molecules are nonpolar"False

    • NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl are all polar molecules (not nonpolar).
  • (e) "Products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions"Partially True

    • HF and HCl form acidic solutions, but NH₃ forms a basic solution, and H₂O is neutral.

Correct Answer:

The most universally correct statement is (c), as all products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) dissolve in water much better than their reactant gases (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂).

Final Answer:

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

Okay, let's tackle this chemistry problem. So, the question is about four containers each holding a different gas: N2, O2, F2, and Cl2. Then we add H2 to each under suitable conditions to react. We need to determine which of the options a to e is true regarding the products in all four containers.

First, I need to recall the reactions between H2 and each of these gases. Let's go through each one:

  1. N2 + H2: Under high pressure and temperature, usually with a catalyst like iron, they form ammonia (NH3). NH3 is a gas at room temperature. It can form hydrogen bonds because it has N-H bonds. It's also polar and dissolves well in water, making a basic solution.

  2. O2 + H2: When they react, especially with a spark, they form water (H2O). Water is a liquid at room temperature, not a gas. It definitely forms hydrogen bonds (O-H bonds). It's polar and dissolves many substances. When dissolved, pure water is neutral, but if there's something else, maybe acidic or basic, but pure H2O is neutral.

  3. F2 + H2: These react explosively to form hydrogen fluoride (HF). HF is a gas at room temperature but has a high boiling point compared to other hydrogen halides. It can form hydrogen bonds (F-H). It's polar and when dissolved in water, it's a weak acid. So HF solution is acidic.

  4. Cl2 + H2: They react in light (photochemical reaction) to form HCl. HCl is a gas at room temperature but when dissolved in water, it becomes hydrochloric acid, a strong acid. HCl in gaseous state is polar but the molecule itself is diatomic and linear, so maybe the bond is polar but the molecule as a whole? Wait, HCl is a polar molecule because of the difference in electronegativity. But when dissolved, it dissociates into H+ and Cl-, making the solution acidic.

Now, looking at the options:

a) Products are gases at room temperature. Let's check each product:

  • NH3: gas (yes)
  • H2O: liquid (no)
  • HF: gas (but actually, HF has a boiling point around 19.5°C, so at room temp (25°C), it's a gas. Wait, but HF's boiling point is higher than room temp? Wait, no. Wait, room temperature is about 25°C. HF's boiling point is 19.5°C, so at 25°C, it's a gas. So HF is gas. H2O is liquid. So option a is not true because H2O is liquid. So a is incorrect.

b) Products can form hydrogen bonds. Let's see:

  • NH3: yes (N-H)
  • H2O: yes (O-H)
  • HF: yes (F-H)
  • HCl: HCl has H-Cl, but Cl is less electronegative than F, O, N. Wait, hydrogen bonds are formed when H is bonded to F, O, or N. So HCl has H-Cl, Cl is not one of those, so HCl cannot form hydrogen bonds. So HCl's product (HCl) can't form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, option b is not true for all four. So b is incorrect.

c) Products dissolve in water better than the reactants. Let's check:

  • N2 vs NH3: N2 is not very soluble, NH3 is highly soluble. Yes.
  • O2 vs H2O: O2 is poorly soluble, H2O is liquid (but H2O is the product, which is a solvent. Wait, the reactant here is O2 and H2. H2 is not very soluble. The product is H2O, which is a liquid, so it's infinitely soluble in itself. So yes, H2O dissolves better than O2 and H2. So that's true.
  • F2 vs HF: F2 is not very soluble, HF is highly soluble. Yes.
  • Cl2 vs HCl: Cl2 is slightly soluble, HCl is very soluble. Yes. So all four products dissolve better. So option c is correct? Wait, but need to confirm. Let me check each:

N2 is reactant, product is NH3. NH3 is more soluble than N2. Correct.

O2 and H2 reacting to form H2O. H2O is a liquid, so it's not a matter of dissolving but the product is a liquid. However, the question says "products dissolve in water better than the starting materials". Wait, the starting materials are O2 and H2, which are gases with low solubility. The product is H2O, which is a liquid. If we consider H2O dissolving in water, it's miscible. So yes, H2O dissolves better than O2 and H2. So c is correct for all four. But wait, HCl is a gas, but when dissolved in water, it's very soluble. Cl2 is not very soluble. So HCl dissolves better than Cl2. So yes, all four products dissolve better. So option c might be correct. But let's check other options.

d) The bonds in the products are polar but the molecules are non-polar. Let's see:

NH3: polar bonds (N-H), and the molecule is polar (trigonal pyramidal). So this doesn't fit.

H2O: polar bonds, polar molecule. So no.

HF: polar bond, polar molecule (linear, but very polar). So no.

HCl: polar bond, polar molecule. So none of the products have non-polar molecules. So option d is incorrect.

e) Products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions. Let's check:

NH3 dissolves to form a weak base (ammonia solution is basic). So this is not acidic. Therefore, option e is incorrect because NH3's solution is basic, not acidic. So e is wrong.

So the correct answer is c: products dissolve in water better than the starting materials. All four products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) are more soluble in water than their respective reactants (N2, O2, F2, Cl2 and H2). Even though H2O is a liquid, when considering solubility, it's infinitely soluble in itself, which is better than the gases O2 and H2. So option c is correct.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

Explanation:
When H₂ reacts with each gas (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂) under suitable conditions, the products are NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl, respectively.

  • Option c states that the products dissolve in water better than the reactants. This is true for all four cases:
    1. NH₃ (ammonia) is highly soluble in water, unlike N₂ (insoluble gas).
    2. H₂O (water) is a liquid and infinitely miscible in itself, unlike O₂ and H₂ (poorly soluble gases).
    3. HF (hydrogen fluoride) is highly soluble in water, unlike F₂ (insoluble gas).
    4. HCl (hydrogen chloride) is very soluble in water, unlike Cl₂ (slightly soluble gas).

Other options fail because:

  • a) H₂O is a liquid, not a gas.
  • b) HCl cannot form hydrogen bonds (requires H bonded to F, O, or N).
  • d) All products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) are polar molecules.
  • e) NH₃ dissolves to form a basic solution, not acidic.

Thus, c is the correct answer.

This question, written in Thai, asks about the products formed when H₂ gas reacts with four containers each containing N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂ respectively, under appropriate conditions. Let's translate and analyze the options:

  • Question: Four containers contain N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂ gases, one type per container. If H₂ gas is reacted with the gas in each container under appropriate conditions until a product is formed, which statement is true for the products in all 4 containers?

  • (a) ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (The product is a gas at room temperature): NH₃ is a gas, but H₂O is a liquid, HF and HCl are gases. So, this is false.

  • (b) ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (The product can form hydrogen bonds): NH₃, H₂O, and HF can form hydrogen bonds, but HCl cannot (or very weakly). So, this is false.

  • (c) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (The product dissolves in water better than the reactants): This is generally true. N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂ are not very soluble in water, while NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl are highly soluble.

  • (d) พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (The bonds in the product are polar, but the substance is nonpolar): This is contradictory and false. If the bonds are polar, the molecule can be nonpolar only if the polarities cancel out due to symmetry, which isn't the case here.

  • (e) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด (The product dissolves in water and gives a solution with acidic properties): NH₃ forms a basic solution, H₂O is neutral, while HF and HCl form acidic solutions. So, this is false.

Therefore, the correct answer is C.

{"correct_answer_key": "c"}

The question asks about the products formed when H2 reacts with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2. Let's analyze each reaction:

  • H2 + N2: Forms NH3 (ammonia).
  • H2 + O2: Forms H2O (water).
  • H2 + F2: Forms HF (hydrogen fluoride).
  • H2 + Cl2: Forms HCl (hydrogen chloride).

Now let's evaluate the answer choices:

  • a: ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (Products are gases at room temperature): NH3, HF, and HCl are gases at room temperature. H2O can be a gas (steam) or liquid. This is a plausible answer.
  • b: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (Products can form hydrogen bonds): NH3, H2O, HF can all form hydrogen bonds. This is also a plausible answer.
  • c: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (Products are more soluble in water than reactants): NH3, HF, and HCl are highly soluble in water. H2O is, of course, soluble in itself. N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 are not very soluble in water. This is a strong contender.
  • d: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (Bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are nonpolar): NH3, H2O, HF, and HCl are all polar molecules. This statement is false.
  • e: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด (Products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions): HF and HCl are acids when dissolved in water. NH3 is a base when dissolved in water. H2O is neutral. This is partially true, but not universally.

Comparing options a, b, and c, option c is the most universally true statement. The products are significantly more soluble in water than the reactants.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

This question tests knowledge of chemical reactions and properties of the resulting compounds. The reaction involves H2 with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2. The products will be NH3, H2O, HF, and HCl, respectively.

  • a) ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง: Only NH3 and HCl are gases at room temperature. H2O is liquid, and HF is a liquid that can also exist as a gas.
  • b) ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้: H2O, HF, and NH3 can form hydrogen bonds.
  • c) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น: H2O, HF, and HCl are more soluble in water than H2, N2, O2, F2, and Cl2.
  • d) พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว: This is incorrect. The products are polar molecules.
  • e) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด: HCl and HF dissolve in water to form acidic solutions (hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid).

Therefore, the most accurate answer is (e).

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

Explanation: The question is asking about the properties of the products formed when hydrogen gas (H2) reacts with nitrogen gas (N2), oxygen gas (O2), fluorine gas (F2), and chlorine gas (Cl2) separately. Let's analyze each option:

  • a: ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (Products are gases at room temperature)

    • H2 + N2 -> NH3 (Ammonia, gas at room temperature)
    • H2 + O2 -> H2O (Water, liquid at room temperature)
    • H2 + F2 -> HF (Hydrogen Fluoride, liquid at room temperature due to strong hydrogen bonding)
    • H2 + Cl2 -> HCl (Hydrogen Chloride, gas at room temperature)
    • This statement is false because water and hydrogen fluoride are liquids at room temperature.
  • b: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (Products can form hydrogen bonds)

    • NH3 can form hydrogen bonds.
    • H2O can form hydrogen bonds.
    • HF can form hydrogen bonds (very strong).
    • HCl can form weak dipole-dipole interactions, but hydrogen bonding is negligible.
    • While most can, not all products readily form hydrogen bonds to a significant extent (HCl weakly). However, the phrasing "can form" might be interpreted loosely to include those that can but not necessarily strongly.
  • c: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (Products are more soluble in water than reactants)

    • Reactants (N2, O2, F2, Cl2, H2) are generally nonpolar or weakly polar gases with low solubility in water.
    • Products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) are polar molecules and are significantly more soluble in water. NH3, HF, and HCl react with water to form ions, further increasing solubility. Water itself is miscible with water.
    • This statement is true.
  • d: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (Bonds in products are polar, but the substances are nonpolar)

    • All products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) have polar bonds (N-H, O-H, H-F, H-Cl) and are polar molecules themselves due to their molecular geometry and bond polarities.
    • This statement is false.
  • e: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด (Products dissolved in water give acidic solutions)

    • NH3 in water forms NH4OH (ammonium hydroxide), which is a basic solution.
    • H2O in water is neutral.
    • HF in water forms hydrofluoric acid, a weak acid.
    • HCl in water forms hydrochloric acid, a strong acid.
    • This statement is false because ammonia forms a basic solution, and water is neutral.

Based on the analysis, option c is the most accurate statement that holds true for all products compared to the reactants.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

ปฏิกิริยาระหว่างแก๊ส H2 กับแก๊สในภาชนะแต่ละใบจะได้ผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  1. H2 + N2 -> NH3 (แอมโมเนีย)
  2. H2 + O2 -> H2O (น้ำ)
  3. H2 + F2 -> HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
  4. H2 + Cl2 -> HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

พิจารณาแต่ละข้อ: a) ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง: NH3, HF, HCl เป็นแก๊ส (HF มีจุดเดือดใกล้เคียงอุณหภูมิห้อง) แต่ H2O เป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง ดังนั้นข้อนี้ไม่จริงสำหรับทุกผลิตภัณฑ์ b) ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้: NH3, H2O, HF เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ แต่ HCl เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้น้อยมากหรือไม่เกิดเลย ดังนั้นข้อนี้ไม่จริงสำหรับทุกผลิตภัณฑ์ c) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น: สารตั้งต้น (N2, O2, F2, Cl2, H2) เป็นแก๊สไม่มีขั้วหรือมีขั้วน้อยมาก ละลายน้ำได้น้อยมาก ในขณะที่ผลิตภัณฑ์ (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) เป็นโมเลกุลมีขั้วสูง ละลายน้ำได้ดีมาก (NH3 ละลายให้สารละลายเบส, H2O ละลายในตัวเอง, HF และ HCl ละลายให้สารละลายกรด) ดังนั้นข้อนี้เป็นจริงสำหรับทุกผลิตภัณฑ์ d) พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์ทุกตัวเป็นพันธะมีขั้ว แต่โมเลกุลของผลิตภัณฑ์ (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) เป็นโมเลกุลมีขั้วทั้งหมด ดังนั้นข้อนี้ไม่จริง e) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด: HF และ HCl ละลายน้ำให้สารละลายกรด แต่ NH3 ละลายน้ำให้สารละลายเบส และ H2O เป็นกลาง ดังนั้นข้อนี้ไม่จริงสำหรับทุกผลิตภัณฑ์

ข้อที่ถูกต้องสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้ง 4 คือข้อ c

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

The question asks about the properties of the products formed when H2 reacts with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2. The reactions are:

  1. H2 + N2 -> NH3 (Ammonia)
  2. H2 + O2 -> H2O (Water)
  3. H2 + F2 -> HF (Hydrogen Fluoride)
  4. H2 + Cl2 -> HCl (Hydrogen Chloride)

Let's analyze the options:

a) ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (Products are gases at room temperature): NH3, HF, and HCl are gases at room temperature. However, H2O is a liquid at room temperature. So, this is not true for all products.

b) ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (Products can form hydrogen bonds): NH3, H2O, and HF can form hydrogen bonds. HCl cannot. So, this is not true for all products.

c) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (Products dissolve better in water than reactants): N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 are relatively insoluble in water. NH3, H2O, HF, and HCl are generally more soluble in water (H2O is the solvent itself, and the others form solutions). This statement is generally true.

d) พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (Bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are nonpolar): The bonds in NH3, H2O, HF, and HCl are polar. However, NH3, H2O, and HF are polar molecules. HCl is also a polar molecule. So, this statement is not true.

e) ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด (Products dissolve in water and give acidic solutions): HF and HCl are acidic in water. NH3 is basic in water. H2O is neutral. So, this is not true for all products.

Based on the analysis, option C is the most likely correct answer as the products are generally more soluble in water than the reactant gases.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

Explanation: The question asks which statement is true for the products formed when H2 gas reacts with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 respectively.

  1. Reaction with N2: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 (Ammonia). NH3 is a gas at room temp, forms H-bonds, is very soluble in water (forming a basic solution), has polar bonds, and is a polar molecule.
  2. Reaction with O2: O2 + 2H2 → 2H2O (Water). H2O is a liquid at room temp, forms H-bonds, is water itself (highly polar), has polar bonds, and is a polar molecule. Dissolving in water results in neutral water.
  3. Reaction with F2: F2 + H2 → 2HF (Hydrogen Fluoride). HF is a gas (b.p. 19.5°C), forms H-bonds, is very soluble in water (forming a weak acidic solution), has a polar bond, and is a polar molecule.
  4. Reaction with Cl2: Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl (Hydrogen Chloride). HCl is a gas, does not form significant H-bonds between HCl molecules, is very soluble in water (forming a strong acidic solution), has a polar bond, and is a polar molecule.

Evaluating the options for all four products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl): a) False (H2O is liquid). b) False (HCl doesn't form significant H-bonds). c) True. The reactants (N2, O2, F2, Cl2, H2) are nonpolar or weakly polar gases with low water solubility. The products (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl) are all polar molecules (or water itself) and are significantly more soluble in water. d) False (All products are polar molecules). e) False (NH3 forms a basic solution, H2O is neutral).

Therefore, the only statement true for all four products is that they are more soluble in water than the reactants.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

This question asks about the reaction of H2 with N2, O2, F2, and Cl2, and the properties of the resulting products. Let's analyze each gas:

  • N2 + 3H2 -> 2NH3 (Ammonia): Ammonia is a gas at room temperature, forms hydrogen bonds, is highly soluble in water (more so than N2 or H2), and forms a basic solution when dissolved in water (not acidic).
  • O2 + 2H2 -> 2H2O (Water): Water is a liquid at room temperature, forms hydrogen bonds, is highly soluble in water, and can act as both an acid and a base, but doesn't generally produce an acidic solution on its own.
  • F2 + H2 -> 2HF (Hydrogen Fluoride): Hydrogen fluoride is a gas at room temperature, forms hydrogen bonds, is soluble in water and produces an acidic solution.
  • Cl2 + H2 -> 2HCl (Hydrogen Chloride): Hydrogen chloride is a gas at room temperature, doesn't readily form hydrogen bonds, is soluble in water and produces an acidic solution.

Considering all four reactions, the most consistently true statement is that the products dissolve in water and then give a solution that is acidic. Therefore, option 'e' is the correct answer.

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

คำอธิบาย:
เมื่อแก๊ส H₂ ทำปฏิกิริยากับ N₂, O₂, F₂, และ Cl₂ จะได้ผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  • N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ (แอมโมเนีย)
  • O₂ + H₂ → H₂O (น้ำ)
  • F₂ + H₂ → HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
  • Cl₂ + H₂ → HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

ผลิตภัณฑ์เหล่านี้ (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) เมื่อละลายน้ำจะให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด (เช่น HCl, HF) หรือเบส (NH₃) แต่ในกรณีนี้ HCl, HF เมื่อละลายน้ำจะให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด ซึ่งเป็นจริงสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบ (โดยเฉพาะ HCl, HF, H₂O อาจเป็นกลาง, NH₃ เป็นเบสอ่อน แต่ตัวเลือกที่ใกล้เคียงที่สุดคือข้อ e)

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

เมื่อ H2 ทำปฏิกิริยากับแก๊ส N2, O2, F2, Cl2 ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จะได้สารประกอบไฮไดรด์ เช่น NH3, H2O, HF, HCl ซึ่งผลิตภัณฑ์เหล่านี้มักจะละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (แก๊ส) เพราะมีพันธะโควาเลนต์ขั้วและสามารถทำปฏิกิริยากับน้ำได้ดี

ดังนั้น ข้อที่ถูกต้องคือ "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น"

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

คำถามนี้เกี่ยวกับปฏิกิริยาเคมีระหว่างแก๊สไฮโดรเจน (H2) กับแก๊สในภาชนะต่าง ๆ ซึ่งเป็นแก๊สที่ประกอบด้วยไนโตรเจน (N2), ออกซิเจน (O2), ฟลูออรีน (F2), และคลอรีน (Cl2) ผลลัพธ์ของปฏิกิริยาเหล่านี้ขึ้นอยู่กับคุณสมบัติของแก๊สแต่ละชนิดและความสามารถในการสร้างพันธะไฮโดรเจนหรือผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ละลายน้ำได้ดีขึ้น

  • N2, O2, F2, Cl2 สามารถทำปฏิกิริยากับ H2 ได้ในเงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม โดยเฉพาะ F2 และ Cl2 ซึ่งสามารถสร้างสารประกอบไฮโดรเจอร์ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์ (HF) และไฮโดรเจอร์ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์ (HCl) ซึ่งเป็นสารที่มีความเป็นขั้วและละลายน้ำได้ดี
  • ผลิตภัณฑ์จากปฏิกิริยาเหล่านี้มักเป็นสารที่มีพันธะไฮโดรเจนและสามารถละลายน้ำได้ดีขึ้นกว่าสารตั้งต้น
  • สารเหล่านี้มักเป็นสารที่มีความเป็นขั้วและสามารถให้สมบัติเป็นกรดในน้ำได้

จากตัวเลือก ข้อที่เหมาะสมที่สุดคือ "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น" ซึ่งสอดคล้องกับคุณสมบัติของสารประกอบไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์และไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

คำอธิบาย: เมื่อแก๊ส H₂ ทำปฏิกิริยากับแก๊ส N₂, O₂, F₂ และ Cl₂ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จะได้ผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  • N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ (แอมโมเนีย) เมื่อละลายน้ำจะได้สารละลายเบส
  • O₂ + H₂ → H₂O (น้ำ) เป็นกลาง
  • F₂ + H₂ → HF (กรดไฮโดรฟลูออริก) เมื่อละลายน้ำจะได้สารละลายกรด
  • Cl₂ + H₂ → HCl (กรดไฮโดรคลอริก) เมื่อละลายน้ำจะได้สารละลายกรด

ดังนั้น ข้อที่ถูกต้องคือข้อ e เพราะผลิตภัณฑ์บางชนิด (HF, HCl) เมื่อละลายน้ำแล้วให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

เมื่อแก๊ส H2 ทำปฏิกิริยากับแก๊สในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบ (N2, O2, F2, Cl2) จะเกิดผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  1. N2 + H2 → NH3 (แอมโมเนีย)
  2. O2 + H2 → H2O (น้ำ)
  3. F2 + H2 → HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
  4. Cl2 + H2 → HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

พิจารณาคุณสมบัติของผลิตภัณฑ์:

  • NH3, H2O, HF, และ HCl สามารถละลายน้ำได้ดี
  • HF และ HCl เมื่อละลายน้ำจะให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด
  • H2O เป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • NH3 เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • HF และ HCl เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง แต่ละลายน้ำได้ดีและให้สารละลายกรด

ดังนั้น ข้อที่เป็นจริงสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบคือ "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด" ซึ่งตรงกับตัวเลือก E.

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

ในการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่าง H2 กับแก๊สต่าง ๆ ที่กล่าวถึง (N2, O2, F2, Cl2) ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดขึ้นจะมีลักษณะเฉพาะตามชนิดของแก๊สที่ทำปฏิกิริยา:

  1. N2: ไม่เกิดปฏิกิริยากับ H2 ในสภาวะปกติ
  2. O2: จะเกิดปฏิกิริยากับ H2 สร้างน้ำ (H2O) ซึ่งเป็นของเหลวที่ละลายน้ำได้ดี
  3. F2: จะเกิดปฏิกิริยากับ H2 สร้าง HF ซึ่งเป็นกรดที่ละลายน้ำได้ดี
  4. Cl2: จะเกิดปฏิกิริยากับ H2 สร้าง HCl ซึ่งเป็นกรดที่ละลายน้ำได้ดี

จากการวิเคราะห์นี้ ข้อความที่ถูกต้องที่สุดคือ "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น" ซึ่งหมายถึงผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดจากการทำปฏิกิริยากับ O2, F2 และ Cl2

ดังนั้นคำตอบที่ถูกต้องคือ:

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

มาวิเคราะห์คำถามนี้กันทีละขั้นตอน: คำถามเกี่ยวกับการทำปฏิกิริยาของแก๊ส H2 กับแก๊สในภาชนะ 4 ใบ ซึ่งมี N2, O2, F2 และ Cl2 ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม และให้พิจารณาว่าข้อใดเป็นจริงสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในทั้ง 4 ภาชนะ

  • H2 + N2 → NH3 (แอมโมเนีย)
  • H2 + O2 → H2O (น้ำ)
  • H2 + F2 → HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
  • H2 + Cl2 → HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

ตอนนี้เราจะตรวจสอบแต่ละตัวเลือกโดยพิจารณาผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้ง 4 ชนิด (NH3, H2O, HF, HCl):

  • a: ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง → ไม่จริง เพราะ H2O เป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • b: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ → จริง เพราะ NH3, H2O, และ HF สามารถเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (เนื่องจากมีอะตอม N, O, F ที่มีอิเล็กโตรเนกาติวิตีสูง) และถึงแม้ HCl จะเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้น้อยมาก แต่ในบริบทนี้ถือว่าทั้งหมดมีสมบัตินี้
  • c: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น → ไม่จริง เพราะสารตั้งต้นอย่าง O2 ละลายน้ำได้ในระดับหนึ่ง แต่ผลิตภัณฑ์บางตัว เช่น HCl และ HF ละลายน้ำได้ดี ในขณะที่การเปรียบเทียบอาจไม่ชัดเจนสำหรับทุกตัว
  • d: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว → ไม่จริง เพราะผลิตภัณฑ์อย่าง NH3, H2O, HF, HCl มีพันธะขั้วและตัวโมเลกุลเองก็มีขั้ว (ยกเว้น HCl ในบางบริบทที่อาจถือว่าเป็นขั้วน้อย แต่โดยรวมไม่ใช่สารไม่มีขั้ว)
  • e: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด → ไม่จริง เพราะ NH3 ละลายน้ำแล้วเป็นเบส (NH4OH) และ H2O เป็นกลาง

ดังนั้น ข้อที่เป็นจริงสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้ง 4 ภาชนะคือ b: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้

{"correct_answer_key":"b"}

First, the user has provided another multiple-choice question in JSON format. It's in Thai, which I need to understand. Let me translate it to English to make sense of it.

The question is: "ภาชนะ 4 ใบ บรรจุแก๊ส N2, O2, F2, Cl2 ใบละชนิด หากนำแก๊ส H2 มาทำปฏิกิริยา กับแก๊สในภาชนะแต่ละใบ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จนเกิดผลิตภัณฑ์ ข้อใดเป็นจริง สำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบ"

Translation: "There are 4 containers, each containing one type of gas: N2, O2, F2, Cl2. If we react gas H2 with the gas in each container under appropriate conditions to form products, which of the following is true for the products in all 4 containers?"

Options:

a: "ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง" – "The products are gases at room temperature"

b: "ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้" – "The products can form hydrogen bonds"

c: "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น" – "The products dissolve in water better than the starting materials"

d: "พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว" – "The bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are non-polar"

e: "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด" – "The products, when dissolved in water, give acidic solutions"

I need to determine the reactions between H2 and each gas: N2, O2, F2, Cl2.

  1. H2 + N2: This forms ammonia (NH3) under the Haber process: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3

  2. H2 + O2: This forms water: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O

  3. H2 + F2: This forms hydrogen fluoride: H2 + F2 → 2HF

  4. H2 + Cl2: This forms hydrogen chloride: H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

So, the products are:

  • For N2: NH3 (ammonia)

  • For O2: H2O (water)

  • For F2: HF (hydrogen fluoride)

  • For Cl2: HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Now, evaluate each option for all these products: NH3, H2O, HF, HCl.

a: Are all products gases at room temperature?

  • NH3: Gas at room temperature

  • H2O: Liquid at room temperature

  • HF: Gas, but it has a boiling point around 19.5°C, so at room temperature (say 25°C), it's a gas.

  • HCl: Gas at room temperature

H2O is liquid, so not all are gases. Therefore, a is false.

b: Can the products form hydrogen bonds?

  • NH3: Yes, it has N-H bonds and can form hydrogen bonds.

  • H2O: Yes, it forms hydrogen bonds.

  • HF: Yes, it forms hydrogen bonds.

  • HCl: No, HCl is a polar molecule but hydrogen bonding typically requires H bonded to N, O, or F with another electronegative atom. HCl does not form hydrogen bonds; it's just dipole-dipole.

HCl does not form hydrogen bonds because Cl is not electronegative enough in this context. Standardly, hydrogen bonding is for H-F, H-O, H-N.

So, NH3, H2O, HF can form hydrogen bonds, but HCl cannot. Therefore, not all products can form hydrogen bonds. b is false.

c: Do the products dissolve in water better than the starting materials?

Starting materials: N2, O2, F2, Cl2 – these are all gases and generally not very soluble in water.

Products:

  • NH3: Very soluble in water.

  • H2O: It's water, so infinitely soluble.

  • HF: Soluble in water.

  • HCl: Very soluble in water (forms hydrochloric acid).

Compared to starting materials, which have low solubility, yes, all products are more soluble in water than their respective starting gases.

For N2: NH3 is more soluble than N2.

For O2: H2O is the solvent itself, so infinitely more soluble.

For F2: F2 is slightly soluble, but HF is highly soluble.

For Cl2: Cl2 is somewhat soluble, but HCl is much more soluble.

So, yes, all products dissolve better in water than the starting materials. c seems true.

d: The bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are non-polar.

Products: NH3, H2O, HF, HCl – all have polar bonds.

Are the substances non-polar? NH3 is polar, H2O is polar, HF is polar, HCl is polar. None are non-polar molecules.

So, this is false; the substances are polar.

e: The products, when dissolved in water, give acidic solutions.

  • NH3: Forms NH4OH, which is basic.

  • H2O: Neutral.

  • HF: Forms hydrofluoric acid, which is acidic.

  • HCl: Forms hydrochloric acid, which is acidic.

So, NH3 gives a basic solution, H2O neutral, HF and HCl acidic. Not all give acidic solutions. e is false.

Therefore, only c seems to be true for all products.

Is c absolutely true? For O2, the starting material is O2, which has very low solubility in water, and the product is H2O, which is the solvent, so yes. For others, as above.

So, I think c is the correct answer.

Brief Explanation:

This question involves reacting hydrogen gas (H₂) with each of the gases in four containers: N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂, under appropriate conditions. The reactions produce the following products:

  • N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ (ammonia)
  • O₂ + H₂ → H₂O (water)
  • F₂ + H₂ → HF (hydrogen fluoride)
  • Cl₂ + H₂ → HCl (hydrogen chloride)

Evaluating the options:

  • a: Not all products (e.g., H₂O is a liquid) are gases at room temperature.
  • b: Not all products (e.g., HCl) can form hydrogen bonds.
  • c: All products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) are more soluble in water than their respective starting gases (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂), which have low solubility.
  • d: The products have polar bonds and are polar molecules, so this is incorrect.
  • e: Not all products (e.g., NH₃ forms a basic solution) result in acidic solutions when dissolved in water.

Thus, option c is correct for all products.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

การทำปฏิกิริยาของแก๊ส H2 กับแก๊สในภาชนะแต่ละใบภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จะได้ผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  • N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 (แอมโมเนีย) ซึ่งเป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้องและละลายน้ำได้ดี
  • O2 + 2H2 → 2H2O (น้ำ) ซึ่งเป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้องและละลายน้ำได้ดี
  • F2 + H2 → 2HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออริด) ซึ่งเป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้องและละลายน้ำได้ดี
  • Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์) ซึ่งเป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้องและละลายน้ำได้ดี แต่จะเกิดเป็นสารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด

เมื่อพิจารณาข้อความที่ให้มา:

  • ข้อ "a" ไม่ถูกต้องทั้งหมด เพราะผลิตภัณฑ์ไม่ใช่แก๊สทั้งหมดที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • ข้อ "b" ไม่เกี่ยวข้องโดยตรงกับผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดขึ้น
  • ข้อ "c" ถูกต้องสำหรับบางกรณี แต่ไม่ใช่สำหรับทั้งหมด
  • ข้อ "d" ไม่ถูกต้อง เพราะพันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์อาจมีความเป็นขั้วหรือไม่มีขั้วขึ้นอยู่กับผลิตภัณฑ์
  • ข้อ "e" ถูกต้องสำหรับ HCl ซึ่งเป็นกรด

ดังนั้น คำตอบที่ถูกต้องคือ:

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

ปฏิกิริยาระหว่าง H2 กับแก๊สในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบ จะได้ปฏิกิริยาดังนี้

  • N2 + H2 ไม่เกิดปฏิกิริยาโดยตรง แต่สามารถเกิดปฏิกิริยาได้ภายใต้เงื่อนไขบางประการ เช่น มีตัวเร่งปฏิกิริยา แต่โดยทั่วไปถือว่าไม่เกิดปฏิกิริยาโดยง่าย
  • O2 + H2 เกิดปฏิกิริยาได้ H2O (น้ำ)
  • F2 + H2 เกิดปฏิกิริยาได้ HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
  • Cl2 + H2 เกิดปฏิกิริยาได้ HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

เมื่อพิจารณาผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดขึ้น:

  • H2O ละลายน้ำได้ดีและเป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • HF ละลายน้ำได้ดีและสามารถเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้
  • HCl ละลายน้ำได้ดีและให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด

ดังนั้น ตัวเลือกที่ถูกต้องคือ "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด" เนื่องจากผลิตภัณฑ์ส่วนใหญ่ (H2O ไม่เป็นกรด แต่ HF และ HCl เป็นกรด) ให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรดเมื่อละลายน้ำ

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

Explanation

To solve this, let's consider the properties and reactions of the gases mentioned: N2, O2, F2, and Cl2 with hydrogen (H2).

  • N2 (Nitrogen): Nitrogen gas reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia (NH3) under certain conditions like high pressure and temperature with a catalyst (Haber-Bosch process).
  • O2 (Oxygen): Oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form water (H2O).
  • F2 (Fluorine): Fluorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen fluoride (HF).
  • Cl2 (Chlorine): Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride (HCl).

Products and Their Properties

  • Ammonia (NH3): Polar molecule, soluble in water, can form hydrogen bonds.
  • Water (H2O): Polar molecule, liquid at room temperature, soluble in water.
  • Hydrogen Fluoride (HF): A gas at room temperature, highly soluble in water, and forms a weak acid when dissolved.
  • Hydrochloric Acid (HCl): A gas at room temperature that dissolves in water to form a strong acid.

Analysis

  • a. ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (Products are gases at room temperature): Not all products are gases; water is a liquid.
  • b. ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (Products can form hydrogen bonds): This is true for ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O) but not directly relevant to all options provided.
  • c. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (Products dissolve in water better than the reactants): This is generally true as the products have significant polarity or can form hydrogen bonds.
  • d. พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (Products have polar bonds but are non-polar substances): This doesn't apply well here as most products are polar or can form hydrogen bonds.
  • e. ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรั (Products dissolve in water to give acidic properties): This is particularly true for HF which can form a weak acid when dissolved in water but more accurately describes HCl.

Conclusion

Given the reactions and properties:

  • The best answer that universally applies and is correct given the context is that most products will dissolve in water or react with it, forming acids or being highly soluble.

Brief Explanation

The question pertains to the chemical properties and reactions of gases with hydrogen. Each gas reacts differently, forming various products.

JSON Response

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

To determine the correct answer, we need to consider the chemical reactions between hydrogen gas (H2) and each of the gases in the containers: N2, O2, F2, and Cl2.

  1. N2 + H2: Nitrogen gas (N2) is very stable and does not readily react with hydrogen gas under normal conditions. Therefore, no product is formed.
  2. O2 + H2: Oxygen gas (O2) reacts with hydrogen gas to form water (H2O), which is a polar molecule and can dissolve well in water.
  3. F2 + H2: Fluorine gas (F2) reacts with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen fluoride (HF), which is a polar molecule and dissolves well in water, forming a strong acid.
  4. Cl2 + H2: Chlorine gas (Cl2) reacts with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride (HCl), which is a polar molecule and dissolves well in water, forming a strong acid.

Given these reactions, the statement that "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น" (the products dissolve well in water compared to the starting materials) is true for the products formed from O2, F2, and Cl2.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

เมื่อทำปฏิกิริยากับ H₂ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม
• N₂ + H₂ → NH₃ (แอมโมเนีย)
• O₂ + H₂ → H₂O (น้ำ)
• F₂ + H₂ → HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์)
• Cl₂ + H₂ → HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์)

พิจารณาแต่ละผลิตภัณฑ์และการละลายในน้ำเทียบกับสารตั้งต้น พบว่าทุกผลิตภัณฑ์มีความสามารถในการละลายในน้ำได้ดีกว่าแก๊สตั้งต้น (N₂, O₂, F₂, และ Cl₂ ล้วนละลายในน้ำน้อยมาก) จึงทำให้ข้อ (c) เป็นจริงสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้ง 4 ชนิด

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

เมื่อ H₂ ทำปฏิกิริยากับ N₂, O₂, F₂ และ Cl₂ จะได้ NH₃, H₂O, HF และ HCl ตามลำดับ
สารผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้ง 4 ชนิดมีขั้วไฟฟ้าและละลายน้ำได้ดี ในขณะที่ก๊าซตั้งต้นเป็นโมเลกุลไม่มีขั้ว จึงละลายน้ำได้น้อยกว่า ดังนั้นข้อ (ค) ถูกต้องสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์ทุกชนิด

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

ก๊าซ H₂ ทำปฏิกิริยากับ
• N₂ → NH₃ (g)
• O₂ → H₂O (l)
• F₂ → HF (g≈)
• Cl₂ → HCl (g)

ตรวจแต่ละข้อความ
a) ไม่จริง (H₂O เป็นของเหลว)
b) ไม่จริง (HCl ไม่สร้างพันธะ H‑bond ที่เด่นชัด)
c) จริง – NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าก๊าซตั้งต้น N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂
d) ไม่จริง (สารผลิตภัณฑ์ล้วนมีขั้ว)
e) ไม่จริง (NH₃ ใน น้ำเป็นเบส)

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

When H₂ reacts (under suitable conditions) with each diatomic gas we obtain:

N₂ + 3 H₂ → 2 NH₃ O₂ + 2 H₂ → 2 H₂O F₂ + H₂ → 2 HF Cl₂ + H₂ → 2 HCl

Products: NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl.

• All four products are far more soluble in water than their corresponding reactant gases N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂ (which are only slightly soluble).
• Not all products are gases at room temperature (H₂O is liquid).
• HCl cannot form hydrogen bonds (only N, O, F form strong H‑bonds), so “every product forms H‑bonds” is false.
• Each product molecule is polar, so the substances are polar, not non‑polar.
• NH₃ gives a basic solution, so “all give acidic solutions” is false.

Thus statement (c) is the only universally true statement.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

When H2 reacts with each gas under proper conditions, the following products are formed: • H2 + N2 → NH3 (ammonia), which dissolves well in water forming ammonium hydroxide. • H2 + O2 → H2O (water), which is completely miscible with water. • H2 + F2 → HF (hydrogen fluoride), a highly polar molecule that dissolves readily in water. • H2 + Cl2 → HCl (hydrogen chloride), which is very soluble in water to form hydrochloric acid. In contrast, the original diatomic gases (N2, O2, F2, Cl2) are very poorly soluble in water. Thus, the products obtained all have much better water solubility than the reactants.

{"correct_answer_key": "c"}

When hydrogen reacts with each diatomic gas under appropriate conditions, the products formed are:
• N2 + H2 → NH3 (ammonia)
• O2 + H2 → H2O (water)
• F2 + H2 → HF (hydrogen fluoride)
• Cl2 + H2 → HCl (hydrogen chloride)

All these products are considerably more soluble in water than their corresponding reactant diatomic gases. For instance, although oxygen and nitrogen are only sparingly soluble in water, ammonia dissolves readily forming ammonium hydroxide, and both HF and HCl dissolve to give acidic solutions. Therefore, the correct answer is that the products dissolve in water better than the original substances.

{"correct_answer_key": "c"}

เราสมมุติว่าเกิดการทำปฏิกิริยาระหว่าง H₂ กับแก๊สแต่ละชนิดภายในเงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ได้จากปฏิกิริยานั้นคือ • H₂ + N₂ → NH₃ (อะมโมเนีย) • H₂ + O₂ → H₂O (น้ำ) • H₂ + F₂ → HF (ไฮโดรฟลูออริก) • H₂ + Cl₂ → HCl (ไฮโดรคลอริก)

เมื่อพิจารณาคุณสมบัติในการละลายน้ำ สารเริ่มต้น (แก๊ส N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂) ล้วนไม่ละลายน้ำหรือละลายน้ำน้อยมาก แต่ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ได้ เช่น NH₃, HF, HCl (ยิ่งไปกว่านั้นน้ำเองก็มีอยู่ในหนึ่งกรณี) ล้วนละลายน้ำได้ดีและบางตัวทำให้เกิดตัวละลายที่มีคุณสมบัติเป็นกรดหรือมีปฏิสัมพันธ์กับน้ำมากขึ้น จึงสรุปได้ว่าผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้งหมดมีความละลายน้ำได้มากกว่าสารตั้งต้น

ดังนั้น ตัวเลือกที่ถูกต้องคือข้อ (c).

{"correct_answer_key": "c"}

ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่ได้คือ NH₃, H₂O, HF และ HCl ซึ่งทั้งหมดละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าแก๊สตั้งต้น (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂) ดังนั้นคำตอบที่ถูกต้องคือข้อ c

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

ในแต่ละกรณี สารตั้งต้นเป็นก๊าซ N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂ ที่ละลายน้ำได้น้อยมาก เมื่อทำปฏิกิริยากับ H₂ จะได้ NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl ซึ่งละลายน้ำได้ดีตามลำดับ จึงเป็นจริงว่า “ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น”

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

คำอธิบายสั้น ๆ: สารตั้งต้น (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂) เป็นแก๊สไม่มีขั้วที่ละลายน้ำได้น้อย หลังเกิดปฏิกิริยาจะได้ NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl ซึ่งทั้งหมดเป็นสารขั้วและละลายน้ำได้ดีขึ้นมาก

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

Let's analyze the reactions of ( \text{H}_2 ) with each gas in the containers:

  1. ( \text{N}_2 ) + ( \text{H}_2 ):

    • Reaction: ( \text{N}_2 + 3\text{H}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{NH}_3 ) (Ammonia)
    • Ammonia (( \text{NH}_3 )) is a gas at room temperature, but it is highly soluble in water and forms a basic solution (ammonium hydroxide).
  2. ( \text{O}_2 ) + ( \text{H}_2 ):

    • Reaction: ( 2\text{H}_2 + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{H}_2\text{O} ) (Water)
    • Water is a liquid at room temperature and is not a gas.
  3. ( \text{F}_2 ) + ( \text{H}_2 ):

    • Reaction: ( \text{H}_2 + \text{F}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{HF} ) (Hydrogen fluoride)
    • Hydrogen fluoride is a gas at room temperature but is highly soluble in water and forms hydrofluoric acid, which is a weak acid.
  4. ( \text{Cl}_2 ) + ( \text{H}_2 ):

    • Reaction: ( \text{H}_2 + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow 2\text{HCl} ) (Hydrogen chloride)
    • Hydrogen chloride is a gas at room temperature but is highly soluble in water, forming hydrochloric acid.

Now, let's evaluate the options:

  • a: Not all products are gases at room temperature (e.g., water is a liquid).
  • b: All products involve hydrogen forming covalent bonds, not hydrogen bonds.
  • c: All products are more soluble in water than their gaseous reactants.
  • d: All products have polar covalent bonds, but they are not nonpolar.
  • e: ( \text{HF} ) and ( \text{HCl} ) form acidic solutions in water.

The correct statement is e: "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด" (The products dissolve in water to give acidic solutions).

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

เมื่อนำแก๊ส H$_2$ มาทำปฏิกิริยากับแก๊สในภาชนะที่บรรจุ N$_2$, O$_2$, F$_2$, และ Cl$_2$ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จะได้ผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  1. H$_2$ + N$_2$ → NH$_3$ (แอมโมเนีย): NH$_3$ เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง และสามารถเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ เนื่องจากมีคู่อิเล็กตรอนโดดเดี่ยวบนอะตอมไนโตรเจน
  2. H$_2$ + O$_2$ → H$_2$O (น้ำ): H$_2$O เป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง และเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้
  3. H$_2$ + F$_2$ → HF (ไฮโดรเจนฟลูออไรด์): HF เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง และเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้
  4. H$_2$ + Cl$_2$ → HCl (ไฮโดรเจนคลอไรด์): HCl เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง และเมื่อละลายน้ำจะให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด (HCl(aq))

การวิเคราะห์ตัวเลือก:

  • a: ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้องไม่ถูกต้อง เพราะ H$_2$O เป็นของเหลวที่อุณหภูมิห้อง
  • b: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ถูกต้อง เพราะ NH$_3$, H$_2$O, และ HF สามารถเกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้
  • c: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้นไม่ถูกต้อง เพราะไม่สามารถเปรียบเทียบการละลายระหว่างผลิตภัณฑ์และสารตั้งต้นได้โดยทั่วไป
  • d: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้วไม่ถูกต้อง เพราะผลิตภัณฑ์ทั้งหมดเป็นสารมีขั้ว
  • e: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรดไม่ถูกต้อง เพราะ NH$_3$ ละลายน้ำแล้วให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นเบส

คำตอบที่ถูกต้อง:

{"correct_answer_key":"b"}

Okay, let's tackle this chemistry question. The question is in Thai, so I need to make sure I understand it correctly. Let me read it again.

The question says: There are 4 containers each containing one type of gas: N2, O2, F2, Cl2. If hydrogen gas (H2) is reacted with each of these gases under suitable conditions until products are formed, which of the following statements is true regarding the products in all four containers?

The options are a to e. I need to figure out which one is correct.

First, I should recall the reactions between H2 and each of these gases. Let me list them out one by one.

  1. H2 with N2: The reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen is a classic example. Under normal conditions, they don't react easily. But under high temperature and pressure with a catalyst (like iron), they form ammonia (NH3). The balanced equation is N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3.

  2. H2 with O2: Hydrogen and oxygen can react explosively to form water. The reaction is 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O. This typically happens when ignited, like in the combustion of hydrogen.

  3. H2 with F2: Fluorine is a very reactive gas. Even at room temperature, H2 and F2 react violently to form HF (hydrogen fluoride). The reaction is H2 + F2 → 2HF.

  4. H2 with Cl2: Chlorine and hydrogen also react when exposed to light or a spark. The reaction is H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl. This forms hydrochloric acid gas.

Now, the question asks which statement is true for all four products. Let's look at each option:

Option a: Products are gases at room temperature.

Let's check each product:

  • NH3 (ammonia) is a gas at room temperature? Wait, actually, ammonia is a gas at standard conditions (room temperature and pressure). But wait, when formed from N2 and H2 under high pressure and catalyst, the product is NH3 gas. However, if the conditions are changed, maybe it could condense, but the question says "under suitable conditions until products are formed". So assuming the products are in their standard state. So NH3 is a gas? Wait, actually, at room temperature and pressure, ammonia is a gas. Wait, no, actually, ammonia is a gas at room temperature. Wait, no, wait. Wait, ammonia is a gas at room temperature? Let me confirm. The boiling point of ammonia is -33°C, so at room temperature (around 25°C), it's definitely a gas. So NH3 is a gas.

H2O (from O2 and H2): Water is a liquid at room temperature. So that's a liquid, not a gas. So option a would be false because one of the products (H2O) is a liquid. So a is incorrect.

Option b: Products form hydrogen bonds.

Hydrogen bonds are bonds between hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms (N, O, F). Let's see each product:

  • NH3: Can form hydrogen bonds. The product itself can hydrogen bond with others, but the question is whether the product "has hydrogen bonds". The molecule itself has N-H bonds, which can hydrogen bond with other NH3 molecules. So yes, NH3 can form hydrogen bonds.

  • H2O: Definitely forms hydrogen bonds between molecules.

  • HF: Hydrogen fluoride can form hydrogen bonds because F is very electronegative. HF molecules can hydrogen bond with each other.

  • HCl: Hydrochloric acid. HCl is a polar molecule, but it doesn't form hydrogen bonds because Cl isn't electronegative enough (compared to O, N, F). HCl can't form hydrogen bonds; the H is bonded to Cl, which isn't as electronegative as O, N, or F. So HCl doesn't form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, the product HCl (from Cl2 and H2) doesn't form hydrogen bonds. So option b is not true for all four products. So b is incorrect.

Option c: Products dissolve in water better than the reactants.

Let's see each product and compare solubility with the original gases.

  • N2 (reactant) is a gas that's not very soluble in water. The product NH3 is highly soluble in water. So yes, NH3 is more soluble than N2.

  • O2 (reactant) is a gas that's slightly soluble in water. The product H2O is obviously very soluble (it's water itself). So yes, H2O is more soluble than O2.

  • F2 (reactant) is a gas; fluorine is not very soluble in water. The product HF is a gas that dissolves in water (hydrofluoric acid). HF is more soluble than F2. So yes.

  • Cl2 (reactant) is a gas that's somewhat soluble in water, but the product HCl is very soluble in water (as hydrochloric acid). HCl is more soluble than Cl2.

So all products are more soluble in water than their respective reactants. So option c seems correct. But let me check the wording again. The question says "ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น" which translates to "the products dissolve in water better than the reactants". Since all four products are more soluble than their original gases, this would be true. So c could be correct. But let me check other options.

Option d: The bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are nonpolar.

Wait, let's analyze each product's polarity and the substance's polarity.

  • NH3: The N-H bonds are polar (N is more electronegative than H). The molecule itself is polar because of its trigonal pyramidal shape (due to lone pair on N). So the molecule is polar. So the statement says "polar bonds but nonpolar substance" – that's not true for NH3. So d is incorrect here.

  • H2O: The O-H bonds are polar, and the molecule is polar. So again, the substance is polar, so d is wrong.

  • HF: Polar bonds (F is very electronegative), and the molecule is polar. So again, the substance is polar. So d is wrong.

  • HCl: Polar bonds (Cl is more electronegative than H), and the molecule is polar. So again, the substance is polar. So all products have polar bonds and are polar substances. Therefore, option d is incorrect because it says the substances are nonpolar, which they are not. So d is wrong.

Option e: Products, when dissolved in water, give acidic solutions.

Let's see each product dissolved in water:

  • NH3 in water: NH3 is a weak base. It forms NH4OH, which is basic. So the solution would be basic, not acidic. So e is incorrect here.

  • H2O: Pure water is neutral. But if it's the product from H2 and O2, then H2O is neutral. So that doesn't give an acidic solution. So e is wrong here.

  • HF: Hydrofluoric acid is a weak acid. When dissolved in water, it partially dissociates into H+ and F-, making the solution acidic. So this would be acidic.

  • HCl: Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid, so it gives a strongly acidic solution.

So for the first two products (NH3 and H2O), the solutions are not acidic. Therefore, e is not true for all four products. So e is incorrect.

So the only option that is true for all four products is option c: the products dissolve in water better than the reactants. Let me confirm again each case:

  • N2 (gas) vs NH3 (liquid? Wait, NH3 is a gas at room temp, but when dissolved in water, it's more soluble than N2 gas. Wait, actually, the question is about solubility in water. N2 gas is not very soluble in water. NH3 gas is very soluble. So yes, NH3 is more soluble.

  • O2 gas is not very soluble, H2O is obviously more soluble (since it's water itself, but the question is about the product being more soluble than the reactant O2. Since H2O is a liquid, but when dissolved in water, it's the solvent. Wait, maybe I need to think differently. Wait, the reactant is O2 gas, and the product is H2O. Comparing the solubility of O2 in water versus H2O in water? Wait, that's not the right way. The question is comparing the product's solubility in water versus the original reactant gas's solubility in water. So O2's solubility in water is low, while H2O is the solvent, so it's infinitely soluble. So yes, H2O is more soluble than O2.

  • F2 gas is not very soluble in water, while HF is a gas that dissolves well in water (though HF is a gas at room temp? Wait, HF's boiling point is around -83°C, so at room temp it's a gas. But when dissolved in water, it forms hydrofluoric acid, which is a solution. So HF is more soluble than F2.

  • Cl2 gas has some solubility in water, but HCl gas is very soluble. So yes, HCl is more soluble than Cl2.

Therefore, option c is correct. The other options have exceptions. So the correct answer is c.

The question involves reacting hydrogen gas (H₂) with N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂ under suitable conditions. The products formed are NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl, respectively. Analyzing each option:

  • Option a: Incorrect. H₂O is a liquid at room temperature, not a gas.
  • Option b: Incorrect. HCl (from Cl₂ + H₂) does not form hydrogen bonds.
  • Option c: Correct. All products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) are significantly more soluble in water than their respective reactant gases (N₂, O₂, F₂, Cl₂).
  • Option d: Incorrect. All products have polar bonds and are polar substances.
  • Option e: Incorrect. NH₃ (basic) and H₂O (neutral) do not produce acidic solutions.

Thus, the correct answer is c, as all products dissolve in water better than their reactants.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}

เมื่อแก๊ส H2 ทำปฏิกิริยากับแก๊สในภาชนะแต่ละใบ ภายใต้เงื่อนไขที่เหมาะสม จะเกิดผลิตภัณฑ์ดังนี้:

  1. N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 (แอมโมเนีย) - เป็นสารที่ละลายน้ำได้ดีและเป็นกรดอ่อน
  2. O2 + 2H2 → 2H2O (น้ำ) - เป็นสารที่ละลายน้ำได้ดีและเป็นกลาง
  3. F2 + H2 → 2HF (กรดไฮโดรฟลูออริก) - เป็นสารที่ละลายน้ำได้ดีและเป็นกรด
  4. Cl2 + H2 → 2HCl (กรดไฮโดรคลอริก) - เป็นสารที่ละลายน้ำได้ดีและเป็นกรด

ดังนั้น ผลิตภัณฑ์ที่เกิดขึ้นในภาชนะทั้ง 4 ใบ ละลายน้ำได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น และบางผลิตภัณฑ์ให้สารละลายที่มีสมบัติเป็นกรด

{"correct_answer_key":"e"}

Alright! Let's tackle this chemistry problem. The user provided a question in Thai about chemical reactions involving hydrogen gas (H₂) with four different gases: N₂, O₂, F₂, and Cl₂. Each reaction occurs under suitable conditions, and we need to determine which statement is true regarding the products formed in all four containers.

First, I need to recall what happens when H₂ reacts with each of these gases:

  1. N₂ + H₂: This forms ammonia (NH₃). The reaction is N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃. Ammonia is a gas at room temperature and is highly soluble in water, forming a weak base.

  2. O₂ + H₂: This produces water (H₂O). The reaction is 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O. Water is a liquid at room temperature and doesn't form hydrogen bonds as a product but does have hydrogen bonding as a liquid.

  3. F₂ + H₂: This reacts to form hydrogen fluoride (HF). The reaction is H₂ + F₂ → 2HF. HF is a liquid under standard conditions and is highly soluble in water. It's a weak acid but can form hydrogen bonds.

  4. Cl₂ + H₂: This produces hydrogen chloride (HCl). The reaction is H₂ + Cl₂ → 2HCl. HCl is a gas at room temperature and is highly soluble in water, forming hydrochloric acid, a strong acid.

Now, let's analyze each option:

  • Option A: ผลิตภัณฑ์เป็นแก๊สที่อุณหภูมิห้อง (The products are gases at room temperature).

    • NH₃ is a gas, H₂O is a liquid, HF is a liquid, and HCl is a gas. So, not all products are gases. This option is incorrect.
  • Option B: ผลิตภัณฑ์เกิดพันธะไฮโดรเจนได้ (The products can form hydrogen bonds).

    • NH₃, H₂O, HF, and HCl all have hydrogen bonding capabilities due to their polarity and hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms (N, O, F, Cl). This seems correct.
  • Option C: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายน้ำ ได้ดีกว่าสารตั้งต้น (The products dissolve in water better than the reactants).

    • All products (NH₃, H₂O, HF, HCl) are more soluble in water than the reactant gases, which generally have low solubility. This also seems correct.
  • Option D: พันธะในผลิตภัณฑ์มีความเป็นขั้ว แต่เป็นสารไม่มีขั้ว (The bonds in the products are polar, but the substances are nonpolar).

    • This doesn't make sense because if the bonds are polar, the substances are likely to be polar overall, not nonpolar. So, this is incorrect.
  • Option E: ผลิตภัณฑ์ละลายนําแล้วให้สารละลายมีสมบัติเป็นกรด (The products dissolve in water to produce an acidic solution).

    • Only HCl forms a strong acid. NH₃ forms a basic solution, H₂O is neutral, and HF forms a weakly acidic solution. So, not all products result in acidic solutions. This is incorrect.

Between options B and C, both seem correct. However, the question asks for the statement that is true for all four products. While all products can form hydrogen bonds (B) and are more soluble in water than their gaseous reactants (C), the user might be looking for the most accurate and specific statement. Given that, option C is a strong candidate because solubility is a clear, measurable property that applies universally here.

{"correct_answer_key":"c"}